Example of silting of a reservoir rivistadiagraria. Formation mechanism By clicking here you can see a short outreach video that well describes the eutrophication process. Eutrophication process representation Feem re-elaboration from Arpa Umbria, Effects The disturbance of aquatic equilibria may be more or less evident according to the enrichment of water by nutrients phosphorus and nitrogen. Sechi, :. Energy and environment. What is eutrophication? E-learning To inform younger students about Energy and Environment, Science, Chemistry, English culture and English language, with accompanying images, interviews and videos.
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Schoolnet A storyboard full of texts and drawings to narrate one's country in an original manner: letting loose the imagination of children around the world in the edition. Home page News What is eutrophication? Causes, effects and control. All the topics All the topics facts News and events reports. All the subjects All the subjects air earth ecosystems energy life space water.
Causes, effects and control Algal bloom in along the coast of Qingdao, eastern China nationalgeographic. Example of fertiliser spreading on agricultural land. Example of discharge of waste water into a reservoir.
Algal bloom. Fish mortality. Download " What is eutrophication? Causes, effects and control " pdf file. Eni S. What is Eutrophication?
It all starts when nutrients get into lakes and oceans. Nutrients feed algae, like they do other plants. Algae grows and blocks sunlight. Plants die without sunlight. Eventually, the algae dies too. Bacteria digest the dead plants, using up remaining oxygen, and giving off carbon dioxide. Protecting marine resources starts with sound agricultural and waste management practices.
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. Eutrophication audio podcast. Several researchers are of the opinion that chemically, eutrophic water is rich in nitrate-nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorus [ 3 , 4 , 8 ]. Nitrates NO 3 - released from nitrogenous fertilizers get converted into nitrites in this eutrophic water. When we take nitrite contaminated water, it then reacts with haemoglobin of blood forming methaemoglobin which hampers oxygen transporting ability of blood which in turn leads to laboured breathing and occasional suffocation in human beings.
Nitrites may also react with creatinine present in vertebrate muscle to form nitrosarcosine which can be carcinogenic. Phosphorus released from phosphate fertilizers as well as detergents helps algal growth, resulting in enormous blooms. In super phosphate, the phosphorus are in the form of tripolyphosphate P 3 O 10 This tripolyphosphate through surface run off from agricultural fields when get entry into the aquatic body, it then slowly reacts with water forming orthophosphate PO 4 3- which results algal bloom.
It is observed that phosphate phosphorus in the range of 0. Experimental studies of the researchers reveals that water polluted through various agent becomes eutrophic in nature where marked changes occur in the chemical parameters of water [ 3 , 7 - 9 ] Table 1. Aquaculturist reported that oxygen value of water range from ppm in eutrophic water body while normal environmental condition, the oxygen value of water ranges from ppm [ 23 ].
Researcher opined that fishes are generally attacked by fungal pathogens in water bodies with abundant decaying organic matter which can be seen as tufts of whitish thread outgrowths [ 24 ]. Several noteworthy researchers are of the opinion that the particulate organic matter causes clogging of gills of fishes [ 19 , 25 ].
As a result, mortality of fishes takes place due to suffocation Figure 2. Eutrophic water is the habitat of various disease causing agents Pathogens like bacteria, protozoa and virus. While using this Eutrophic water, human beings get attacked by a number of water borne diseases like typhoid, cholera, dysentery, diarrhea etc. Malaria, Dengue etc. Researcher has estimated that 10 million deaths resulted from 25 million new cases of water-related diseases reported annually and that half the world population suffered from infection caused by polluted water [ 26 ].
The enhancing rate of deposition of silt and organic debris in the water body, makes the water body slowly becomes shallower and shallower [ 1 , 2 ]. As a result the water body slowly transforms into a wetland and finally converts into a dry land. Thus a water body which is so useful for us becomes totally useless within a short span of time due to anthropogenic activities increasing water requirements, its limited supply and eutrophic condition of water leads to water crisis of the environment.
Minimization of eutrophication requires holistic efforts of some parameters such as:. Application of appropriate doses of copper sulphate and sodium arsenite which can minimize the growth and multiplication of algae and macrophytes. The sensitive climate change factors which have profound impact on eutrophication are identified and analyzed in order to find out the interaction between climate change and eutrophication in terms of the water temperature, precipitation, wind and solar radiation Figure 3.
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