On June 28, , H. Meanwhile, the House of Representatives is responsible for introducing and voting on a companion bill of its own.
Just like in the Senate, when a bill is introduced in the House, the House Parliamentarian is responsible for assigning that legislation to a specific House committee or committees for further deliberation. Sometimes the House authors will give the bill a different title and sometimes the House Parliamentarian will give the legislation a different bill number than its Senate companion.
Ultimately, a law can only be passed if both the Senate and the House of Representatives introduce, debate, and vote on similar pieces of legislation. During , the House had been working hard to pass a large Energy Bill, H. Fortunately, he saw the value of our Amendment and did not make any changes before including it in his legislation. Often times, the Senate bill and the House bill will have minor differences in their respective bills that have to be worked out before each chamber can approve the final legislative text and then send it to the President to be signed into law.
When this happens, a special conference committee made up of members from both the Senate and the House will work together to come to consensus about the different provisions in the bill. Fortunately in the case of DERA, a Conference Committee was not necessary because there were not differences in the House and Senate versions of the amendment. After the conference committee resolves any differences between the House and Senate versions of the bill, each chamber must vote again to approve the final bill text.
Once each chamber has approved the bill, the legislation is sent to the President. The President then makes the decision of whether to sign the bill into law or not. If the President signs the bill, it becomes a law. If the President refuses to sign it, the bill does not become a law. When the President refuses to sign the bill, the result is called a veto. Congress can try to overrule a veto. If that happens, the President's veto is overruled and the bill becomes a law.
No need for Congress to try to overrule a veto! To do this, a new bill must be introduced that renews the provisions of the law, makes any necessary changes to the original law, and offers a new timeline for how long it is active.
How a Bill Becomes a Law. The Majority Leader also may ask that a bill be starred. Once starred, it cannot be acted on until one day after removal of the star. When the bill comes up for consideration on the Order of Third Reading, it is subject to debate, discussion or explanation.
By communicating your views on a particular issue to your Senator, you have another opportunity at this point to participate in the lawmaking process. Once a bill has been introduced, reported out by a committee and is on the calendar for consideration by the full Senate, it can still be amended. The sponsor of the bill, for example, can submit the changes to the Bill Drafting Commission; the bill, now in its amended form, retains its original number, but amended versions are denoted by a letter suffix A, B, C, D and so on for each time the bill is altered.
However, beyond this, any Senator may amend a given bill by offering amendments to it on the Senate floor, even if he or she is not one of the bill's sponsors. This method allows all members access to a bill's language, opening it to the suggestions and opinions of members who may like the essential ideas of the bill, but disagree with the sponsor on one or more of the legislation's details.
Moreover, since the amendments are offered in open session, all members can ask questions and discuss the merits of the proposed amendments. After explanation, discussion or debate, a vote is taken. If a majority of the Senators approves, the bill is sent to the Assembly. In the Assembly, you again have a chance to influence the bill as it moves through a process basically the same as that in the Senate. It is referred to a committee for discussion, and if approved there, it goes to the full membership for a vote.
If the bill is approved in the Assembly without amendment, it goes on to the Governor. However, if it is changed, it is returned to the Senate for concurrence in the amendments. The reverse procedure is followed if the Assembly first passes a bill identical to a Senate measure or if the Senate amends an Assembly bill. Sometimes the Senate and Assembly pass similar bills, but cannot easily reconcile the differences between them in a reasonable time frame. In such cases, a procedural device called a conference committee can be used to iron out the differences.
The Senate Majority Leader and Assembly Speaker each appoint five members from their respective houses to serve on this committee. After agreement is reached, a bill is printed and processed like any other bill. In the Senate, the motion for reconsideration must be made within the following two session days; in the House, the motion must be made within the next succeeding session day. Five-Day Rule No bill can become law at any regular session of the Legislature until it has been printed and reproduced and in the possession of each house for at least five days.
Constitution, Art. IV, Sec. Immediate Effect No act shall take effect until the expiration of 90 days from the end of the session at which the measure was enacted. The Legislature may give immediate effect to an act by a two-thirds vote of the members elected and serving in each house.
Enactment by the Legislature If a bill passes, it is sent to the other house of the Legislature where the bill follows the procedure outlined above, resulting in defeat or passage. If a bill is passed by both houses in identical form, the bill is ordered enrolled by the house in which the bill originated.
Following enrollment and printing, the bill is sent to the Governor. If a bill is passed in a different form by the second house, the bill must be returned to the house of origin and one of the following occurs: a.
If the amendment s or substitute bill of the second house is accepted in the house of origin, the bill is enrolled, printed, and sent to the Governor. It should also be noted that either house may amend an amendment made by the other to a bill or joint resolution. At any time while in possession of the bill, either house may recede from its position in whole or in part and the bill may be returned to the other house for this purpose.
If this further action is agreed to by both houses, the bill is ordered enrolled. If the amendment s or substitute proposal of the second house is rejected in the house of origin, the bill is then sent to a conference committee a special committee composed of three legislators from each house which attempts to compromise differences between the two versions of the bill.
The conference committee can consider only issues in the bill upon which there is disagreement between the two houses. However, when the agreement arrived at by the conferees is such that it affects other parts of the bill, such as in an appropriations measure, the conferees may recommend further amendments to conform with the agreement. The conferees may also recommend corrections to any errors in the bill.
The conference committee may reach a compromise approved by at least a majority of the conferees from each house, and submit a report to the house of origin. If adopted, the report and bill are transmitted to the second house.
If the conference committee report is approved in the second house, the bill is then enrolled, printed, and sent to the Governor. Tribal Government. Federal Government Links. State Government Links. County Government Links. Declaration of Independence US Constitution Northwest Ordinance of Organic Act of Enabling Act for the State of Minnesota. Admission of Minnesota into the Union Minnesota Constitution Amendments Proposed to State Constitution.
Voting Rights Act of Legislative proposal: Anyone can come up with an idea for a bill—an individual, consumer group, corporation, governmental unit, or governor. Before a bill can be considered, it must be put into proper legal form by the revisor of statutes. Only a legislator, constitutional officer, or state agency can ask the revisor to prepare a bill.
Authors: Each bill must have one legislator in each body to serve as the chief author of the bill. The chief author is usually the one to ask the revisor to prepare the bill.
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