Er zijn ook klokkentorens, terrasvormige tuinen en een pelgrimsroute te vinden. Source: unesco. Bethlehem lies 10 kilometres south of the city of Jerusalem, in the fertile limestone hill country of the Holy Land. Since at least the 2nd century AD people have believed that the place where the Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem, now stands is where Jesus was born.
One particular cave, over which the first Church was built, is traditionally believed to be the Birthplace itself. In locating the Nativity, the place both marks the beginnings of Christianity and is one of the holiest spots in Christendom.
The original basilica church of AD St Helena , parts of which survive below ground, was arranged so that its octagonal eastern end surrounded, and provided a view of, the cave. This church is overlaid by the present Church of the Nativity, essentially of the mid-6th century AD Justinian , though with later alterations.
It is the oldest Christian church in daily use [I1]. Since early medieval times the Church has been increasingly incorporated into a complex of other ecclesiastical buildings, mainly monastic.
As a result, today it is embedded in an extraordinary architectural ensemble, overseen by members of the Greek Orthodox Church, the Custody of the Holy Land and the Armenian Church, under the provisions of the Status Quo of the Holy Places established by the Treaty of Berlin During various periods over the past years, Bethlehem and the Church of the Nativity have been, and still are, a pilgrim destination.
The Route continues to be celebrated as the path followed by Joseph and Mary during their trip in Bethlehem during Christmas ceremonies each year, and is followed ceremonially by Patriarchs of the three churches at their several Christmases, and during their official visits to Bethlehem. The outstanding universal value of the Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem, lies, in its association with the birthplace of the founder of a great religion, which for Believers saw the Son of God made man in Bethlehem.
And for the way the fabric of the Church of the Nativity and its associations have combined to reflect the extraordinary influence of Christianity in spiritual and political terms over years. Criterion iv : The Church of the Nativity is an outstanding example of an early church in a remarkable architectural ensemble; which illustrates two significant stages in human history in the 4th-6th centuries AD the conversion of the Roman Empire to Christianity, which led to the development of the Church of the Nativity on the site believed to be associated with the birth of Jesus; and to the power and influence of Christianity in the period of the Crusades that led to the embellishment of the Church of the Nativity and the development of three major convents in its environs.
Criterion vi : The Church of the Nativity, and the Pilgrimage Route to it, are directly associated with the birth of Jesus, an event of outstanding universal significance, through the buildings of which were constructed in the 4 th century AD and re-constructed in the 6 th century AD.
These are a strong symbol for more than 2 billion Christian believers in the world; and are Holy to Christians as well as to Muslims. The property encompasses the Church of the Nativity and its architectural ensemble, which is composed of the Armenian, Franciscan and Greek Orthodox Convents, as well as an area of terraced land to the east and a short stretch of the Pilgrimage Route. It thus includes all the buildings that form the focus of pilgrimage and the cave that is believed to be the birthplace of Jesus.
The small area of land to the east that is directly associated with the ensemble, is known to contain as yet systematically unexamined and largely undisturbed evidence of occupation and burial from the early centuries AD back to at least the mid-2nd millennium BC.
The approach to the Church via Star Street and Paul VI Street retains the street width and line fossilized by urban development since c. The traditional 19 th and 20 th yellow limestone buildings either side of this route incorporate traditional design and appearance, with living accommodation above and workshops at street level opening out on to the street.
These are not part of the property but need to be protected and conserved as part of the approach to the church. The roof structure of the main Church is highly vulnerable to lack of maintenance and repair. Great urban pressure is acknowledged in the surrounding urban areas, to which largely unregulated tourism and traffic contribute. New constructions, some large, are disturbing the traditional urban fabric near the Church of the Nativity and are having a negative impact on views to and from the property ,and on its sense of place and spiritual associations.
Located on the spot believed to be the Birthplace of Jesus Christ for some years, the Church of the Nativity is one of the most sacred Christian sites in the world since at least the 4 th century AD up to the present. In fact, this was a fulfillment of prophecy, as Matthew records:. For we saw his star when it rose and have come to worship him. So, what is the significance of Bethlehem and why did God choose this city, and not any of the other cities in Israel, for the birthplace of the Messiah?
It seems that it should be something more than just a random selection. It is prophesied by Micah Perhaps you're wondering why Micah would prophesy that the Messiah would be born in Bethlehem in the first place. I say, what better city for him to be born? And Jesus said to them, "I am the bread of life. He who comes to me will never hunger, and he who believes in me will never thirst.
The Hebrew Bible identifies Bethlehem as the city David was from and the location where he was crowned as the king of Israel. It never occurred to me before, but given that Bethlehem was pivotal in David's history, one could say that any great descendant of his came "from" Bethlehem. It seems awfully literal to place Jesus' physical birth there. Early Christians interpreted a verse in the Book of Micah as a prophecy of the birth of the Messiah in Bethlehem. Some modern scholars question whether Jesus was born in Bethlehem, seeing the biblical stories not as historical accounts but as symbolic narratives invented to present the birth of Jesus as fulfillment of prophecy and imply a connection to the lineage of King David.
The Gospel of Mark and the Gospel of John do not include a nativity narrative, but refer to him only as being from Nazareth. There are two reasons from the Old Testament that Bethlehem would be significant as the birthplace of Jesus But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father's sheep at Bethlehem.
Micah : But thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou be little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting. Adrian Hastings says in A World History of Christianity , page 15, that some Jews looked forward to a messianic figure as a political leader of the line of David.
It seems that if the Jews were to be convinced that Jesus was that Messiah, he would have to be descended from David and born in Bethlehem. Mark , the first New Testament gospel to be written, makes no mention of Bethlehem and simply refers to Jesus of Nazareth. Early Christian converts who relied on Mark's Gospel had no reason to believe that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, and would likely have believed that Nazareth was his birthplace.
Although its author would have known that Luke's Gospel placed the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem, John appears to suggest that this was not the case. John : Others said, This is the Christ. But some said, Shall Christ come out of Galilee? Hath not the scripture said, That Christ cometh of the seed of David, and out of the town of Bethlehem, where David was?
John They answered and said unto him, Art thou also of Galilee? Search, and look: for out of Galilee ariseth no prophet. The word means "house of bread. Another significant thing about the birth place of Jesus is the very interesting fact that King David was also born in Bethlehem 1 Samuel and therefore Bethlehem is known as the "city of David. Is it not proof of the wonderful sovereignty and the completeness of the plan and purpose of God that the One who was born to occupy the throne of David, the Lord Jesus Christ, was born of the line of David in the very same city as was David himself?
Therefore, what we have in Micah's prophecy about the birth place of Jesus, the Messiah, is a prophecy that can be applied to David who became the king of Israel and then also applied to the birth of Jesus Christ, "David's Son" Luke Isaiah says, "For to us a child is born, to us a son is given, and the government will be on his shoulders. Of the increase of his government and peace there will be no end.
He will reign on David's throne and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. Learn About the Origin of Christmas! What do you think? God , the Father, sent His only Son to satisfy that judgment for those who believe in Him.
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